The Virginia Museum of Fine Arts recently opened their Forbidden City exhibit ( http://vmfa.museum/exhibitions/exhibitions/forbidden-city/ ), which has mounted a full-scale model of the Palace Museum grounds in China as a dominant artifact. Replacing an artist’s credit with the LeapFrog corporate logo wasn’t the only odd unsettling fact: upon closer examination the buildings themselves revealed small-scale malformed layers of “extruder striation” and hanging plastic string representing a lack of finishing processes to the average viewer and a chin scratch for the 3D hobbyist.
While the VMFA is currently displaying Leapfrog’s Creatr Dual Extruder for their doppelganger model, touching on the technology and making it available for viewer consumption, it does not take the opportunity to touch upon a key subject in the evolution of 3D printing’s utilitarian household hierarchy: are 3D printed objects to be considered art?
3D printing has always benefitted with the ability to personalize an object, but design originality has immediately been eclipsed by the convenience of the “replication factor”. Scanners have matched the racing ascent of 3D printing technology with the ability to replace an object with a lightweight clone that feels everyday enough to be useful as an appliance, yet futuristic enough to be out of simple intellectual grasp. The infancy of these technologies, priced at a household level of affordability, also keeps the simple process of turning to a big data aggregate complicated enough to inspire innovation through necessity.
Thingiverse, GrabCAD, Shapeways Shop and others offer an archive of available 3D files as close to “click and print” as it gets, in the design process at least. These modern readymades allow for individualized interpretation of already made objects, layering touches of time, if not outright specificity of signature stylistic swooshes, to whim. As these communities prosper in their userbase populations (with the human need for credit from finance to creation), so the hierarchy of good ideas builds upon itself, with the rising “cream” seperating from the crop. Asher Nahmias aka Dizingof is the classic story of the potential for a person’s creative product to carry viral capability, requiring it to be reigned in from open source availability in the era of on demand without supply limits. Of course, just because you have a Dizingof file doesn’t mean you can recreate, or rather, replicate, with your personal machine and materials; there are so many available variables in the world of 3D printing, and the innovation isn’t making uniformity any sooner (luckily).
Shemer Art Center, in Arizona, is currently displaying an entirely 3D printed, objet d’art, show with Materialize ( http://www.shemerartcenter.org/programming/upcoming-exhibitions/ ) that ends November 27th of this year. The open ended thesis and process suggests that artists of note were invited to utilize these tool for their own personal exploration. Included in the community conversation of 3D printing will be a lecture by Max Chandler on “Generative Art”, November 20th, surely a mouth watering informational tidbit of language attempting to grasp FFF, FDM, DLP, SLS and the other acronyms of the 3D Printed Parade into a tighter classification. My favorite quote from the site is that through working with this technology “…Artists have found that it presents exciting opportunities to explore the 3D dimension.”
Kevin Caron’s “Simple Planes with Aquamarine Stripe” occupies a central position in “Materialize” with the luxury of object size (“Planes” used a Gigante 3D printer from Cerebus 3D which allows for the Z axis height of 36”) and storytime serendipity. Caron explains that “This sculpture is a great example of the unanticipated nuances of this technology. Halfway through the print, a mysterious line appeared, hence the sculpture’s name. Rather than ruining the artwork, the aberration adds immeasurably to its beauty and mystery.”
The happy accidents of creation often transcend the status of the common piece into that of the valued object, but is the value an indicator of originality? Is it enough to have an operator or the Duchampian “hand of the artist”, and who says who is qualified? Will future artisans need to distinguish themselves with the creation and engineering of their own tools and the materials required for them before mastering the crafts made by them? (see: Thomas Thwaites)
And while there are few debated points to this ponderous printing problem, Caron’s quotable is certain of the artistic merit of 3D printing: “There’s no question in my mind. This technology is merely a tool. Anyone who thinks it involves merely pushing a button deserves to learn more.” Although, I find Harry S. Truman voice of reason truism far, far better: “It’s amazing what you can accomplish when you don’t care who gets the credit.”